Which of the following allows shareholders to buy new shares of the same company?

A rights issue is a mechanism that enables existing shareholders to purchase additional shares in the company, typically at a discount to the current market price, and in proportion to their existing holdings. This approach is beneficial for both the company and its shareholders; the company raises capital needed for expansion or operational activities while allowing shareholders the opportunity to maintain their ownership percentage and prevent dilution of their shares.

In contrast, placements and new issues generally involve offering shares to new investors or the general public, which can dilute existing shareholders' ownership. Private equity typically refers to investments made in private companies or buyouts of public companies, focusing on providing capital and operational support but does not provide the same rights for existing shareholders to purchase new shares. Hence, a rights issue distinctly provides the opportunity for current shareholders to acquire more shares, resonating as the most fitting answer among the options provided.