What does accounts receivable represent in a business?

Accounts receivable represents the total amount of money that customers owe to a business for goods or services that have been delivered but not yet paid for. This figure is critical in understanding a company's cash flow and liquidity position, as it highlights how much revenue is expected to be collected in the near future. Managing accounts receivable effectively is essential for maintaining healthy cash flow, ensuring that the business has sufficient funds to operate and meet its obligations.

The correct understanding of accounts receivable also explains why the other options do not accurately describe it. The cash available for immediate use pertains to liquid assets rather than outstanding debts. The total value of sales in a period includes all sales, whether paid for or on credit, and does not specifically express customer debt. The amount of money invested in stock relates to inventory, which is a different aspect of financial management. Understanding accounts receivable is fundamental for businesses to gauge their financial health and manage customer credit effectively.